- The user of a multi-column grid is able to align several elements and organize them so they create a cohesive design. Breaks up the space. Create A-Symmetry. Use different column widths. FLEXIBILITY
How many characters is optimal for a line length? words per line?
- 45 to 75 characters per line (66 is mid-range, multi-column 40-50 - type size can help) Really wide = more leading
Why is the baseline grid used in design?
- the bottom of every line of text (the baseline) falls on a vertical grid set in even increments all the way down the page / all the text on your page lines up across all the columns, creating a harmonious vertical rhythm
What is a typographic river?
- Spaces between words in a body of text that create a blank flow of space vertically
From the readings what does clothesline or flow line mean?
- A flowline is an invisible line that leads your eyes through the text. Justified text only and when there aren't enough characters per line
- Clothesline - elements that align across the spread
How can you incorporate white space into your designs?
- Grouping things, don't put text on edges, keep white space towards the outside
What is type color/texture mean?
- The density of text - changing with leading and boldness
What is x-height, how does it effect type color?
- Larger the x-height, the darker the color
In justification or H&J terms what do the numbers: minimum, optimum, maximum mean?
- When a body of text is justified, it creates uneven spaces between words to lengthen or shorten the line to make the margins even. Minimum refers to tight spaces, optimum is optically correct, and maximum has large spaces between words
What are some ways to indicate a new paragraph. Are there any rules?
- The first paragraph should not have an indentation if other paragraphs do. You can bold the first line, add color fields, change the leading of the first line, change the kerning, change size, style, and color.
What are some things to look out for when hyphenating text?
- Do not hyphenate more than one word in a line. Avoid hyphenations that create words with syllables. Avoid more than two in a paragraph. Don't end the paragraph with a hyphenation.
What does CMYK and RGB mean?
- These are color spectrum (additive and subtractive) Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black - Red, Green, Blue
What does hanging punctuation mean?
- It is when a quotation mark is not aligned in the body text, but is hanging just outside of it
What is the difference between a foot mark and an apostrophe?
- A foot mark is used for defining feet and is straight up and down. An apostrophe is angled and used to create conjunctions
What is the difference between an inch mark and a quote mark (smart quote)?
- Inches are vertical and quote marks are angled
What is a hyphen, en dash and em dashes, what are the differences and when are they used?
- En dashes are used to denote a time frame Monday - Friday (can't make on blogger) / Em dash - used for a pause or clause. It is the length of two dashes / A hyphen connects two words
What are ligatures, why are they used, when are they not used, what are common ligatures?
- Letters are joined as a single unit. fi, fl, ft, fffl, all these are combined onto one plate, they are not used with letters that fit on their own plate
